Department
of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries
Ministry
of Agriculture
Meeting of Principal Secretaries/Commissioner
Agenda Points for the Meeting of Principal Secretaries/Commissioner
Page No.
Livestock
Census & Livestock Insurance Scheme .
Agenda Item No. 1: Prevention, control and
containment of Avian Influenza.
A.
Review of the preparedness
of States against Avian Influenza:
India
remained free from Avian Influenza till mid-February 2006. Since then, the
country has been experiencing outbreaks of the disease in different parts. So
far, the disease has occurred in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur,
West Bengal, Tripura, Assam and Sikkim. The last incidence of the infection was
notified in West Bengal on 27th May, 2009. All the outbreaks have
been resolved.
It is
necessary that all States remain prepared for tackling the outbreak of the
disease. Various components of the preparedness are:
(i)
Surveillance
The State
Governments are required to formulate a State Surveillance Plan for Avian
Influenza keeping in view the vulnerability mapping of different areas. These
plans are expected to be forwarded to the GOI for finalization in consultation
with the HSADL, Bhopal and the concerned RDDLs. However, it is noted that
the surveillance plans have not been received from any of the States. All the
State Govts. are requested to prepare surveillance plans and forward the same
to this Department to enable preparation of the national surveillance plan.
All the
States/ UTs are required to send a weekly report of the occurrence of any
unusual mortality in poultry. Nil reports are also required to be furnished.
Looking at the January-May, 2009 period during which a total of 22 reports
should have been received, following is the position of the receipt of reports
from the States/ UTs :
|
Reports being received
regularly |
Nil |
|
Reports received
> 11 |
Chhattisgarh, Punjab, Rajasthan (3) |
|
Reports received
occasionally |
Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh,
Pondicherry (3) |
|
Reports not being received |
Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam, Bihar, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka,
Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland,
Orissa, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttaranchal, West Bengal, A&N
Islands, Chandigarh, D & N Haveli, Daman & Diu, Delhi, Lakshadweep
(29) |
(ii) Training of Veterinary Workforce and
Rapid Response Teams (RRTs):
Funds were released to the States/UTs in 2007-08 for training total veterinary
workforce and RRTs under the World Bank assisted project on ‘Preparedness,
Control and Containment of Avian Influenza’. On the basis of the reports
received, the status of the availability of trained veterinary workforce and
RRTs in different states is annexed (Annexure I). The position is also
summarized below:
|
S.No. |
Training Achievement |
States |
|
Veterinary workforce |
||
|
1. |
< 50% |
Andhra Pradesh, Andaman & Nicobar, J & K, Jharkhand,
Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep,
Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim (11) |
|
2. |
50 – 75% |
Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Maharastra, Orissa
(5) |
|
3. |
> 75% |
Bihar, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli,
Daman & Diu, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Puducherry, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil
Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Tripura, Uttarakhand, West Bengal (19) |
|
S.No. |
Training Achievement |
States |
|
RRTs |
||
|
1. |
< 50% |
Andaman & Nicobar, Arunachal
Pradesh, Delhi, J & K, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Manipur,
Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal (15) |
|
2. |
50 – 75% |
Assam (1) |
|
3. |
> 75% |
Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chandigarh,
Chhattisgarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Goa, Gujarat,
Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra, Meghalaya,
Punjab, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand (19) |
It is
noted that Delhi, Haryana, Meghalaya, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tripura, Uttarakhand,
Puducherry, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman Diu and Chandigarh have trained
their total veterinary workforce, followed by Gujarat (99%), Uttar Pradesh
(98%) and Madhya Pradesh (97%). The overall status of trained veterinary
workforce in the country stands at 78%.
The
position of funds released to various States for purposes of training of
veterinary workforce and the RRTs and the utilization reported by them is
annexed (Annexure II). In this connection, the following observations are made:
The States
were released funds separately for the training of veterinary workforce and for
the training of RRTs. However, while intimating utilization of funds, the
states intimated a consolidated position. It is necessary that utilization of
funds is intimated separately for the two categories as World Bank would
require separate information before reimbursing funds utilized for the purpose.
There is a
mismatch between the utilization of funds and the physical progress in respect
of some of the States.
(iii) Training of community
as part of participatory disease intelligence:
The
objective of such training is to develop disease intelligence network at
village level to get day to day information on probable outbreaks of Avian
Influenza. The guidelines for the training and funds for first phase of
training were given to the State Governments in August 2008. It is, however,
noted from the information received from the States that necessary training has
not been started in the States/UTs other than Gujarat, Kerala and Puducherry.
The position of funds utilized for the subject training may be seen in Annexure
III.
(iv)
Maintenance of strategic reserve for Avian Influenza control operation
All the
States/UTs are expected to maintain strategic reserve of PPE kits, equipment
and chemicals required for control and containment operations in the event of
an outbreak of Avian Influenza. Despite repeated instructions issued in this
regard, it has been observed that a number of States do not either maintain the
strategic reserves or maintain them at much below the minimum required level.
The States may intimate the level of reserves maintained by them.
B. Upgradation of State Disease Diagnostic
Laboratories to BSL-II level.
The
measures necessary to control outbreaks of Avian Influenza at its origin
include early testing of samples in case of any unusual mortality. In this
connection, it was decided to upgrade 23 State Disease Diagnostic Laboratories
(SDDLs) in 21 selected States to Bio-Security Level-II (BSL-II) to facilitate
testing of samples for Avian Influenza. In this connection, an amount of Rs.22
lakh per laboratory was released to the concerned states in 2007-08 as per
following break-up
(i) Modification of the
laboratory (BSL-2
facility) : Rs.8.00 lakhs
(ii) Laboratory
Equipments
: Rs.12.50 lakhs
(iii) Recurring expenditure on
consumables, etc. :
Rs.1.50 lakhs
The
guidelines for upgradation, along with list of approved equipment, was also
been communicated to all the States in June 2008. It was also requested that
all the States should complete the upgradation by 30th November,
2008. However, there has been inordinate delay in this regard. Present status
of the upgradation is summarized below:
|
S.No. |
Status |
States |
|
1. |
Work completed. Facility likely to be
functional soon. |
Gujarat. (1) |
|
2. |
Work in progress. Upgraded facility
likely to be functional by August 2009. |
H.P., J&K, Rajasthan,
Haryana, West Bengal. (5) |
|
3. |
Tenders invited. Work yet to
commence. |
Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh,
Chattisgarh, Goa, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttaranchal, Meghalaya. (8)
|
|
4. |
Necessary action yet to be initiated. |
Manipur, Tripura, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand,
Kerala & Tamil Nadu. (7) |
C. Strategy for preparedness, control and
containment of Avian Influenza
The strategy adopted so far for control of Avian Influenza is culling of birds
in the affected areas within 3 kilometers / 5 kilometers of the foci of
infection. As a measure to prevent spread of infection to the adjoining States
of West Bengal, preventive culling was also undertaken within a 5 km belt of
the border districts of Assam, Bihar and Jharkhand. Culling of birds is
an extreme measure, which is resorted to during an outbreak of Avian Influenza
and poses various problems, including reluctance of farmers to bring their
birds for culling.
In the above backdrop and in view of the fact that the problem of Avian
Influenza is likely to be with us for sometime, alternate strategies to tackle
the disease on a long-term basis have been thought of and are discussed below.
Establishment of National Animal
Disease Reporting System
(i).
In order to enable prompt action to detect, control and contain Avian
Influenza, it is necessary that information of unusual mortality in poultry
birds reaches concerned agencies expeditiously. In this connection, it is
proposed to introduce a computerized system of 7000 nodes for animal disease
reporting, linking each Taluka/ Block, District and State Headquarters to a
Central Disease Reporting and Monitoring Unit at the DADF in New Delhi. The
disease diagnostic laboratories at the district, state and national level will
also form part of the system. This computerized system, proposed to be called
the ‘National Animal Disease Reporting System’ (in short NADRS), will involve
an investment of Rs.104 crore. This will enable timely reporting of events
related to Avian Influenza and other trans-boundary animal diseases for their
effective management. The scheme is proposed to be implemented in a phased
manner starting from third year of the 11th Five Year Plan and
continued till all the 6347 blocks & 615 districts of all the 35 States /
UTs of the country are covered. The software development, provision of
hardware, maintenance of hardware and software and training of the manpower up
to the Block level will be the responsibility of the NIC. The expected benefits
from the programme will start flowing from January 2010 when the basic
application of NADRS is expected to become operational.
Fencing
of border with Bangladesh with intensive monitoring and surveillance through
check posts:
(ii). As
is known, we have a long porous border with our neighbours, especially
Bangladesh and, therefore, the movement of birds across the border is very
easy. A study commissioned by the FAO has indicated that there is large
scale commercial movement of poultry and poultry products across the border,
into and from India, depending on the day-to-day gaps of demand and supply and
the price arbitrage opportunities. As per information provided by the Ministry
of Home Affairs, the Government of India has already decided to fence the
entire India-Bangladesh Border (IBB), except for approximately 810 kms which is
reported to be not feasible due to terrain conditions, existence of thickly
populated villages right up to the zero line and cultural and social affinity
amongst the villages on both sides of the IBB. Out of 3406 kms of the remaining
length of IBB where erection of fencing is feasible and Government of India has
accorded sanction, the fencing has been completed in 2572 kms. A total of 7
Integrated Check Posts (ICPs) are proposed to be deployed along the IBB in a
phased manner. The project is likely to take three years after completion of
land acquisition process. Fencing the entire border with Bangladesh is expected
to be more effective in the long-term management of bird-flu. The work relating
to fencing of the remaining areas needs to be expedited. The stretch of
810 kms where fencing is reported to be infeasible also needs to be looked at
again for the purpose of being fenced so that illegal movement of birds or
other livestock is checked to prevent ingress of disease from across the
border. Further in those areas where border fencing is not found feasible,
patrolling by BSF and other paramilitary forces needs to be strengthened to
prevent movement of men and animals.
Creating a poultry-free zone in areas
bordering Bangladesh:
(iii).
In view of the endemic nature of the Avian Influenza in Bangladesh
and absence of adequate measures being implemented in that country to control
and contain the disease, it is necessary to check entry of poultry and poultry
products from that country. However, the porous nature of the border and
long-standing social and cultural links between the people on both sides makes
the task difficult. Nevertheless, this needs to be attempted through suitable
initiatives. A measure contemplated in this regard is to attempt poultry depopulation
in an identified 5 Kms bordering area with Bangladesh. This measure has been
proposed to Bangladesh on a number of occasions but did not evoke a positive
response for creation of a similar poultry depopulated zone on that side of the
border as well.
(iv).
As per the proposal, people in the identified areas will be expected to dispose
off their poultry or surrender the same to a Government agency at notified
rates, which would be close to the market rate prevailing in that area. They
will be encouraged to take up alternate animal husbandry schemes involving
other animal species. It is realized that implementation of the measure may
face resistance from the local population. Hence, it is proposed to be
attempted on a pilot scale in one of the most vulnerable districts of West
Bengal bordering Bangladesh. The areas identified in this regard are the eight
(8) blocks in Malda district of West Bengal. It would also be necessary for the
State Govt. to agree to the proposal. The poultry-free zone created through
preventive culling will be maintained till improvement of Avian Influenza
situation in Bangladesh. This will prevent spread of the infection through
bird-to-bird contact and also enable strict enforcement of the ban on movement
of poultry and poultry products from across the border. Depending on the
success of the pilot initiative in achieving the desired objectives, its
extension to a larger area subsequently will be planned. The details of likely
financial implication for taking up the proposal in eight blocks of Malda
district are given in Table 1 of the Annexure.
Upgrading backyard poultry to a more
bio-secure model:
(v).
The backyard poultry is extremely vulnerable to Avian Influenza infection as no
bio safety measures are adopted for rearing. It is not feasible to shut down
backyard poultry altogether as it provides means of subsidiary income to the
concerned farmers and are a sort of insurance providing regular income to the
farmers in case of crop failure, besides providing nutritional security for the
rural poor. Two possible solutions could be considered in order to reduce the
vulnerability of the backyard poultry to the threat of bird-flu. The objective
is to create suitable models, which by being more productive, remunerative and
bio-secure persuade a change in the poultry rearing practices of
the local population. It is
neither feasible nor practical to cover the entire poultry rearing population
in the target areas. However, if the models succeed, these would be progressively
extended to larger number of beneficiaries in the State of West Bengal and can
also be implemented in other border States.
(a)
Conversion of backyard poultry to ‘integrator’ model: Under
the proposed model, the integrator company provides all the logistic support
including the chicks, the feed, the technical support etc. and the local
farmers form a self-help group which rears the poultry and get paid for this. A
shed is to be constructed for this purpose, which may house about 5000 birds.
The poultry owners in this model become rearers and their economic returns are
much better than that in a backyard poultry system. Since bio-security measures
are adopted in this model by the integrator, as in a small-scale commercial
farm, the danger of bird flu and also the consequent human exposure is reduced
to a considerable extent. The cost component for the Government, which
would involve only construction of the poultry sheds for 5 lakh families, would
be approximately Rs.50 crores spread over three years to convert 50 lakh birds
in the backyard poultry production to the integrator model in the
administrative blocks of the districts adjacent to Bangladesh. The
break-up is given in Table 2 in the Annexure.
(b)
Low-cost bio-security for backyard poultry: The other option for
introducing bio-security measures in the backyard poultry production system is
to house these poultry indoor and not to let these out for scavenging. This
will involve construction of small isolated sheds for 10-12 chickens in each
house-hold, desirous of rearing backyard poultry, construction of a low-cost
bamboo stick boundary wall around the house and also incentives in the form of
feed for the backyard poultry so as to restrain these birds from scavenging.
The cost component has been worked out at Rs.4420 per family maintaining
approximately ten birds in a cycle of about 18 months. In the first
instance, it is proposed to implement the initiative on a pilot scale involving
20,000 households at a total cost of Rs. 8.84 Crores. The cost break-up
is given in Table 3 in the Annexure.
The above models will,
however, not be suitable for duck rearing.
Creation of nucleous AI cells in
vulnerable states
(vi).
The Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries had issued a
revised and updated ‘Action Plan’ for preparedness, control and containment of
Avian Influenza to all the states in November 2006. However, various episodes
of bird flu have found the States gravely wanting in their surveillance,
alertness to unusual sickness and mortality and in holding adequate stock of
strategic material and equipment. These situations have underlined the fact
that the Government of India would continually need to play a critical role in
tackling the situation of Avian Influenza in different parts of the country.
(vii).
On the basis of the experience gained in tackling the various episodes of bird
flu, it is felt that there is a strong need to create a standing mechanism,
which should engage itself on an on-going basis to first ensure that all
efforts are made to prevent its occurrence, and in case it occurs, to respond
to it like a well-oiled machine. For the purpose, there is a need to
create dedicated Avian Influenza cells involving deployment of veterinary officers
at least in the states, which are considered to be highly vulnerable to the
disease. These cells would be manned by officers/ staff of DADF and fully
funded by the Government of India and, inter alia, perform following
functions:
(i) Monitoring of defined
parameters associated with potential for occurrence of Avian Influenza.
(ii) Coordinating with the
concerned states to ensure their preparedness against the disease and alerting
the DADF of any issue that may adversely impact on efforts to prevent, control
and contain Avian Influenza. The unit will also maintain close liaison with
state / district / block level veterinary officers in order to ensure regular
collection of samples and prompt reporting of any unusual mortality.
(iii) Maintaining a reserve stock of PPE
kits / disinfectants / chemicals etc.
(iv) Coordinating the conduct of
information, education and communication campaign about Avian Influenza.
Each such unit may be
headed by an officer at the level of Assistant Commissioner and supported by an
Assistant/Store Keeper, Data Entry Operator / Steno and one Group D
staff.
(viii)
However, it is neither feasible nor necessary to create such cells in all the
states. On the basis of available logistics of poultry production, proximity
to endemic or infected regions, marketing and movement of poultry and
vulnerability mapping etc., few of the states can rationally be identified as
most prone to Avian Influenza-related disasters. Accordingly, the AI units are
proposed to be established in the following States:
(i)
West Bengal; to also look after Bihar, Jharkhand and Orissa.
(ii)
Tripura; to also cover Manipur and Mizoram.
(iii) Assam; to also
provide cover to Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.
(iv)
Andhra Pradesh; to also cover Tamilnadu and Karnataka.
(v)
Maharashtra; will also look after Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.
(vi)
Haryana; to also cover Punjab, Rajasthan, U.P. and J&K.
The details of
expenditure on these cells are given in Table 4 in the Annexure.
Rapid test and rapid containment of
Avian Influenza:
(ix).
Presently, all morbid samples are tested for Avian Influenza only at the High
Security Animal Disease Laboratory (HSADL), Bhopal. Samples collected from far
flung areas, including eastern and north-eastern parts of the country, take
long time to reach the said laboratory, resulting in delayed diagnosis and
initiation of control and containment operations. In order to facilitate quick
diagnosis at the regional level, the process of setting up of four
pre-fabricated BSL-III laboratories, two constructed BSL-III laboratories and
one BSL-IV laboratory is in progress. However, there is a need for quick
diagnosis of the disease at the site of the unusual mortality so as to enable
initiation of early control operations. One of the options in this regard is to
test morbid samples on the spot of the unusual mortality in poultry by rapid
antigen detection kits. International agencies such as FAO have also
recommended this test as a rapid lost-cost pen-side test for Avian Influenza.
As the specificity of the prevailing kits is high, chance of false positivity
are low. Accordingly, it is proposed to procure 20,000 rapid test kits
initially, involving an investment of Rs.30 lakh only for use in West Bengal
and the vulnerable States in the North Easter region. These kits will be
maintained at the respective Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratories and would
be dispatched to the place of unusual bird mortality immediately on receipt of
information.
(x).
Recourse to rapid diagnosis of Avian Influenza presents an opportunity to
reduce the culling zone from 3 kms generally followed in the event of an
outbreak. It is proposed to set up a technical group to examine and recommend
the size of the culling zone if a rapid test is employed in the field. A
reduced zone will require lesser number of birds to be culled and reduce the
time for completion of operations. This would also be more acceptable to the
poultry rearing population in the affected areas. However, no change is
proposed to the size of the surveillance zone, which is up to 10 kilometers
from the focus of infection.
Intensive field surveillance by
external teams:
(xi). Routine
surveillance for Avian Influenza is being undertaken in the country since 2005
by collecting samples, both morbid and serum. The serum samples are tested at
the Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratories and all the morbid materials are
sent to the HSADL, Bhopal. Till date, nearly five lakh samples have been
tested. None of them has been found positive for Avian Influenza (H5N1). Even
in the course of the post operation surveillance in the outbreak areas, all
samples of chicken have tested negative, except for a few duck samples which
tested sero-positive. However, the tests conducted did not detect any virus in
any of the samples. Such a situation calls for investigation by external teams
through intensive surveillance in West Bengal and the States in the North
Eastern Region. In this regard, it is proposed to constitute teams of experts
from the HSADL, Bhopal, NIV, Pune, Regional Disease Diagnostic
Laboratories (RDDLs), State Governments and Scientists from the ICAR and
universities to visit randomly selected poultry
farms and villages for evaluation of the ground situation, both through active
and passive surveillance. The teams will pick cloacal, tracheal and serum
samples from 1000 fowls and 1000 ducks for testing at the HSADL, Bhopal.
The details of estimated expenditure that would be incurred in this regard have
been provided in Table 5 of the Annexure.
Epidemiological study of Avian
Influenza outbreaks in West Bengal, Tripura, Assam and Sikkim:
(xii).
It has so far not been possible to arrive at a definitive conclusion as regards
the source of occurrence of the Avian Influenza outbreaks in the country. In
the absence of a systematic study in this regard, this has remained in the
realm of conjectures only. Discussions held in this regard with various
agencies have finally led to the FAO making an epidemiologist available for
leading teams of designated officials from the concerned States, RDDLs and the
HSADL, Bhopal. The proposed study, which has commenced in June 2009, will cover
both the laboratory epidemiology and field epidemiology. As part of the
laboratory epidemiology study, it is proposed to test about one lakh samples in
addition to the samples already being tested during routine surveillance,
outbreaks and post operation surveillance. The virus already isolated
from the outbreaks will be taken up for further molecular studies and
nucleotide sequencing.
Disinfection
of wet poultry markets in West Bengal and North Eastern States, including
Sikkim:
(xiii).
It has been observed that state of hygiene in the poultry markets in most of the
States is deplorable. No efforts are made to properly dispose of the waste
material and to periodically disinfect the premises. The trading of poultry in
the commercial sector is largely of ‘Broilers’ and in wet markets. In order to
reduce the risk of the spread of infection, it is proposed to initiate
disinfection of the areas / premises etc. of wet markets in West Bengal and
other North Eastern States, including Sikkim at the end of the day. In the
absence of any recorded figures of the number of such wet markets in these
States, an assessment has been made in consultation with the State Directors of
Animal Husbandry, which puts their number at 3,900. In order to implement the
measure, it is proposed to give one sprayer and disinfectants to each such market/shop
where the poultry birds are slaughtered and sold. The State-wise details
of the number of wet markets and the expenditure likely to be incurred on the
proposed measure over a period of three years may be seen in Table 6 of the
Annexure. Implementing a similar measure in weekly bazaars or ‘haats’ where
live poultry birds reared in backyards are mainly traded under open sky, though
desirable, is not feasible as the birds are carried mostly in bags,
baskets or tied to the bicycles.
Creation of awareness in community
(xiv).
An information, education and communication (IEC) campaign for behavioural
change of the local population is vital for preparing and responding to the
potential of avian influenza outbreak. An effective IEC campaign would require
development of clear, correct, consistent and creative messages for poultry
farmers in particular and public in general. For effective dissemination of
information, a massive media campaign would need to be mounted through
electronic media both on national and regional channels of radio and
television, print media through daily, weekly, fortnightly newspapers
/magazines, printing of posters and leaflets through field publicity units of
Directorate of Field Publicity, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, by
organizing seminars and workshops at state level for direct contact with the
people etc. The Panchayati Raj institutions would need to be involved in this
campaign and they may also be provided with necessary funding for the purpose.
The IEC campaign would be undertaken mainly in and adjoining areas having
border with neighbouring countries, especially Bangladesh. Attempts would be
made to harmonize the IEC campaign in the neighbouring countries in
trans-border areas and as far as possible in languages spoken on either side of
the border. The approximate annual expenditure on IEC campaign would be Rs.
7.50 crores, the break up of which is provided in Table 7 in the Annexure.
Preventive vaccination
in the border region:
(xv).
Vaccination in the border region in a zone of about 10 KM can be considered as
a possible preventive measure. The preventive vaccination is more humane
compared to culling and the farmers may be quite willing to undertake
vaccination of their birds. However, the vaccination also poses certain
problems, which have to be borne in mind. These are:
(a)
The currently available
vaccine technology is suitable for protection of chickens. There is no
effective vaccine for ducks. Ducks are likely to continue to spread
infection.
(b)
While the birds, which are
vaccinated, will not die due to infection from bird-flu, but they can remain
carriers of the virus on exposure and will be in a position to spread the
infection to other susceptible unvaccinated birds, which they may come in
contact with.
(c)
The vaccinated birds being
subsequently exposed to infection with bird-flu virus, will not show any
symptoms of bird flu but may shed infectious virus in low dose in its
excreta. People in close contact with these carrier birds will be exposed
to low level of infection for a long time without realizing the dangers.
This can adversely affect human health and also there is a possibility that
such a long and low exposure may induce the bird-flu virus to mutate to a form
more conducive for human transmission.
(d)
Backyard poultry will
require two shots of vaccines three weeks apart and an additional shot after
one year. Backyard poultry regenerates fast and new population emerges
round the year. Therefore vaccination will not be a one-time measure and
will have to be repeated at periodic intervals. Further the new addition
to the poultry flock will also need to be vaccinated round the year.
(e)
Huge logistic arrangements
will need to be made for carrying out preventive vaccination in terms of supply
of vaccine, maintaining cold chain, transport of vaccine and vaccinators,
arranging manpower for vaccination, awareness campaign for vaccination and
keeping record of vaccinated birds and their identification for continuous
monitoring. The State Animal Husbandry Directors have suggested that the
Union Government itself takes up the job of vaccination as it is going to be
difficult for them to sustain this activity for any length of time.
(f)
A vaccination ring of 5-10
KM will take care against spread of infection through bird-to-bird contact
across the border region but not if infected birds are smuggled straight into
markets outside the ring vaccination zone.
(g)
Vaccination, if resorted
to, should have an exit strategy. Long-term vaccination strategy has not
worked in elimination of bird-flu in endemic countries e.g., Indonesia,
Vietnam, Egypt and China where human cases of Avian Influenza continue to
appear. An exit-strategy would imply that vaccination be carried out
randomly in short pulses in the defined zone over a pre-defined time-frame and
then withdraw.
(h)
Adopting a vaccination
strategy may delay our declaration of freedom from infection and the section of
the industry involved in export of poultry products may also be affected.
(xvi).
Despite various problems posed by vaccination, it appears to be the only
efficacious preventive remedy as a short-term measure to reduce the impact of
the disease. Therefore, it is proposed to carry out vaccination in poultry
against HPAI in border areas of West Bengal as an experimental study for about
18 months to assess its impact in reduction of threat from incursion of
infection from across the border. It is estimated that about Rs.30.00 Cr., as
per details in Table 8 in the Annexure, will be required for carrying out
vaccination in chickens in a pulse mode for 18 months in the bordering blocks
of the states of West Bengal, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Assam and Tripura, which
share a common border with Bangladesh.
Financial Implication:
19.
It is estimated, as would be seen from the summary position given below, that
implementation of the aforementioned initiatives (except for the fencing of
border) carries a financial implication of Rs. 214.87 crores. In addition,
there will be a recurring expenditure of Rs.1.20 crore per annum.
Component |
Likely cost (Rs. cr.) |
Expenditure Phasing |
Scheme |
||||
|
Year 1 |
Year 2 |
Year 3 |
|||||
|
104.09 |
85.97 |
10.15 |
7.97 |
New Plan scheme. |
|||
|
MHA to provide |
- |
- |
- |
MHA to identify |
|||
|
3.03 |
3.03 |
- |
- |
Assistance to States for Control of Animal
Diseases-introduction of a new component. |
|||
|
7.50 |
7.50 |
- |
- |
-do- |
|||
|
Upgrading poultry in border areas to a more bio-secure model |
|
|
|
|
-do- |
||
|
(a)-Integrator model |
50.00 |
17.00 |
17.00 |
16.00 |
|||
|
(b)-Provision of low cost bio-security for backyard poultry on
a pilot scale. |
4.42 |
4.42 |
- |
- |
|||
|
Creation of nucleous AI cells in vulnerable states (6
No.) |
3.83 (1.20 per annum as recurring & 0.23 as non-recurring) |
1.43 |
1.20 |
1.20 |
-do- |
||
|
Rapid test and rapid containment of Avian Influenza |
0.30 |
0.30 |
- |
- |
Avian Influenza project. |
||
|
Intensive field surveillance by external teams |
4.20 |
4.20 |
- |
- |
Assistance to States for Control of Animal Diseases. |
||
|
Epidemiological study |
Cost of Epidemiologist to be borne by the FAO. |
||||||
|
Creation of awareness in community |
7.50 |
7.50 |
- |
- |
Assistance to States for Control of Animal Diseases. |
||
|
Ring vaccination in poultry of bordering blocks of states
adjacent to Bangladesh |
30.00 |
20.00 |
10.00 |
- |
Assistance to States for Control of Animal Diseases. |
||
|
Total |
214.87 |
151.35 |
38.35 |
25.17 |
|
||
Table 1 – Preventive culling in
Malda district in West Bengal
(Referred to in Para (iv)
|
Block |
Total poultry population |
Estimated
expenditure on purchase of birds at market rates * |
|
Bamongola |
58428 |
5842800 |
|
English Bazar |
18880 |
1888000 |
|
Habibpur |
121241 |
12124100 |
|
Kaliachak-I |
38556 |
3855600 |
|
Kaliachak-II |
50 |
5000 |
|
Kaliachak-III |
42903 |
4290300 |
|
Old Malda |
22529 |
2252900 |
|
English Bazar
Minicipality |
270 |
27000 |
|
Total |
302857 |
3,02,85,700 |
*
The likely expenditure has been worked out assuming an average rate of Rs.100/-
per bird.
Table 2
- Upgradation of backyard
poultry to a more bio-secure model
(Referred
to in Para va)
|
State |
Total
poultry population of bordering blocks |
Estimated
backyard poultry population in the blocks bordering Bangladesh |
Duration of
operation |
|
Assam |
11,65,824 |
7,74,107 |
3
Years |
|
Meghalaya |
20,29,743 |
13,46,554 |
|
|
Mizoram |
4,56,866 |
3,03,359 |
|
|
Tripura |
30,56,723 |
20,29,664 |
|
|
West Bengal |
1,28,91,807 |
90,24,265 |
|
|
|
1,96,00,963 |
1,34,77,949 |
|
Cost of upgradation
from backyard poultry to commercial poultry: Rs.5 lakh for 5000 birds.
Cost
of upgradation of 50,00,000 birds: Rs. 50.00 crores
Table 3 – Upgradation of backyard
poultry to a more bio-secure model
(Referred to in Para vb)
|
Sl. No. |
Activity
|
Unit Cost |
Duration of Operation |
|
1 |
Poultry shed & boundary with low
cost material e.g. bamboo cane. |
Rs. 1,000/- |
18 months |
|
2 |
Small utility equipment e.g. feeder,
waterer. |
Rs. 120 |
|
|
3. |
Cost of feed for 10 birds for 72
weeks 50% concentrate (remaining for kitchen-waste). |
Rs. 3,300/- |
|
|
4 |
(for 10 birds per family) |
Rs. 4,420/- |
|
|
Total cost for 10,000 families |
Rs. 4.42 crores |
|
|
Table
4 - Creation of nucleous AI cells in vulnerable states
(Referred to in Para vi)
|
Recurring Cost (Rs. in lakhs) |
Likely cost |
Duration of operation |
|
|
1. |
Salary |
10.62 |
Permanent |
|
2. |
Office space |
5.20 |
|
|
3. |
Hiring of vehicles |
2.25 |
|
|
4. |
Contingency &
Maintenance |
2.00 |
|
|
Total Recurring Cost |
20.07x6 units= 120.42 |
|
|
|
Non-recurring Cost (Rs. in lakhs) |
|
|
|
|
5. |
Computer, peripherals,
photocopier, fax etc |
1.65 |
|
|
6. |
Furniture |
2.15 |
|
|
Total Non-recurring
Cost |
3.80x6 units = 22.80
|
|
|
Table 5 – Intensive
surveillance by independent bodies/ external teams
(Referred to in Para xi)
|
Expenditure on
visits to the States including collection & dispatch of samples |
Number of samples to be tested &
cost of testing / sample |
Total cost of testing |
Total expenditure |
|
Rs. 60 lakh (@ Rs.5 lakh per State) |
72000 @
Rs.500 per sample |
Rs. 360 lakh |
Rs. 420 lakh |
Table 6 - Expenditure on disinfection
of wet poultry markets in West Bengal and North Eastern States, including
Sikkim
(Referred to in Para xiii)
|
S. No. |
State |
No. of Wet Markets |
Cost of disinfection (@ Rs.4000 per sprayer) (Rs. in lakh) |
Cost of disinfection/ day (@ Rs.50/- per market) (Rs.) |
Annual cost of disinfection (Rs. in lakh) |
Total Cost (Rs. in lakh) |
|
1. |
Arunachal Pradesh |
120 |
4.80 |
6,000 |
21.90 |
26.70 |
|
2. |
Assam |
500 |
20.00 |
25,000 |
91.30 |
111.30 |
|
3. |
Manipur |
280 |
11.20 |
14,000 |
51.10 |
62.30 |
|
4. |
Meghalaya |
355 |
14.20 |
17,750 |
64.80 |
79.00 |
|
5. |
Mizoram |
50 |
2.00 |
2,500 |
9.10 |
11.10 |
|
6. |
Nagaland |
260 |
10.40 |
13,000 |
47.50 |
57.90 |
|
7. |
Sikkim |
650 |
26.00 |
32,500 |
118.60 |
144.60 |
|
8. |
Tripura |
485 |
19.40 |
24,250 |
88.50 |
107.90 |
|
9. |
West Bengal |
1200 |
48.00 |
60,000 |
219.00 |
267.00 |
|
Total |
3900 |
156.00 |
1,95,000 |
711.80 |
867.80 |
|
(Referred to in Para xiv)
|
Sl. No. |
Item/activity |
Unit cost |
Period |
Rs. in crores |
|
1. |
Broadcast of radio spots in
North-East & West Bengal for one month |
Rs.40 lakhs |
6 months |
2.40 |
|
2. |
Broadcast of TV spots Regional and
National channels for two weeks |
Rs.60 lakhs |
12 weeks |
3.60 |
|
3. |
Printing of Advertisement in Print
media for one month |
Rs.25 lakhs approx. |
4 months |
1.00 |
|
4. |
Printing of posters/leaflets/
development of campaign material/workshops/seminars |
Lumpsum |
-- |
0.50 |
|
Total |
7.50 |
|||
A campaign involving a mix of the above activities would be
taken up in a planned and phased manner so as to achieve the intended results
over the entire year.
Table 8 - Cost of preventive
vaccination in border region
(Referred to
in Para 19)
|
Sr. No. |
Component |
Likely
cost (Rs.) |
Duration
of operation |
|
1. |
11.00 crores |
18 months |
|
|
2. |
Cold chain maintenance |
5.00 crores |
|
|
3. |
Vaccine transport |
2.00 crores |
|
|
4. |
Manpower/vaccinators
(outsourcing) |
7.00 corers |
|
|
5. |
Awareness campaign |
2.00 crores |
|
|
6. |
Miscellaneous |
3.00 crorers |
|
|
Total cost |
30.00 crores |
18 months |
|
Agenda Point No. 2
: Review of the Animal Disease Situation and
Control.
Recently
an Act, namely, ‘The Prevention and Control of Infectious and Contagious
Diseases in Animals Act, 2009’ has been enacted with the following objectives:
·
to provide for the prevention, control and
eradication of infectious and contagious diseases affecting animals;
·
prevention of outbreak or spreading of such disease
from one State to another; and
·
To meet international obligations of India for
facilitating import and export of animals and animal products.
2. Salient features of the Act are:
·
It will
be obligatory for the owner of the livestock, which is suffering from or is
suspected to be suffering from any disease to report the matter to the Village
Officer or the Veterinary Officer.
·
The
Village Officer as designated by State Government will also have the
responsibility of visiting the areas falling in his jurisdiction for detecting
and reporting any outbreak of the disease.
·
The
State Govt. may declare certain areas as ‘controlled area’ for the purpose of
preventing, controlling or eradicating any scheduled disease.
·
The
State Govt. may regulate the movement of any species of animals from one area
to another area.
To facilitate proper enforcement,
the Act provides for mandatory provisions to clean and disinfect vessels or
vehicles carrying animals, power of entry and inspection by the concerned
authorities, etc. Detailed penal provisions have also been incorporated to
ensure effective and proper enforcement of various provisions contained in the
Act.
3. The Act will:
·
strengthen
the power of the State Governments to effectively tackle, control and eradicate
the animal diseases;
·
bring in
greater uniformity and coordination in this regard; and
·
Ensure
the prevention of spread of infectious and contagious diseases in the country.
4. As per clause 1(2) of the Act, it shall
come into force on the date as notified by the Central Government and different
dates may be appointed for different States or for different areas therein as
well as for different provisions of this Act. It is proposed to notify 1st
August, 2009 for commencement of the Act in all the States. A communication in
this regard has been sent to all the States.
Implementation of the FMD Control Programme and
its proposed expansion.
The
FMD Control Programme is being implemented in 54 identified districts of the
country in eight states (Andhra
Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttar
Pradesh) and five UTs (Delhi, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Dadra
& Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu). On the basis of the implementation of
the programme, the following observations are made:
Gujarat - There
are four districts covered under FMD-CP.
Presently, 9th round has been completed in the State. Vaccination is being carried out as per
schedule. However, guidelines regarding
sera collection are not being followed properly. In order to monitor the immune
response, pre and post vaccination sera samples from 10 cattle and 10 buffaloes
in each selected village are required to be collected. Till 6th
phase, samples were not collected as prescribed. While this has been corrected
after repeated instructions, the ratio of sample collection between cattle
& buffalo is not being maintained. For example, in Patan District only 9
samples have been collected from cattle and 191 samples from buffalo. It has
also been noted that outcome of investigations into FMD outbreaks and detailed
epidemiological information are not being communicated. For example, there was
a report of FMD outbreak in Banaskantha District in February, 2009, which has
also been reflected by the State in the monthly Animal Disease Bulletin
Report. It is necessary that that
disease outbreaks are thoroughly investigated and the results intimated to the
GOI.
Maharashtra - There are five districts of the
State covered under the FMD – CP. Presently, 9th round of
vaccination has been completed. The testing of sera samples till 5th
round reveals a very poor immune response (about 30%) after 5th
round of vaccination. This indicates either very poor coverage of vaccination
or improper collection of samples. Suitable instructions need to be given to
the field officers for proper monitoring of vaccination and collection of sera
samples. Identification of animals for sera collection should be scrupulously
followed. Last year, there have been reports of the FMD outbreak in Ahemadnagar
and Pune. Occurrence of such outbreaks after a gap of 2-3 years should be
thoroughly investigated and epidemiological information sent to the GOI.
Haryana - There are 8 districts of the State
covered under the FMD CP. Presently, 8th round has been completed. The
vaccination is being carried out as per schedule. The testing of samples
reveals overall protective immune response in animals. The State is not sending
the weekly reports and completion reports as per prescribed format, which
hinders proper monitoring.
Uttar Pradesh - There are 16 districts of the
State covered under the FMD CP. Presently, 8th round of vaccination
is continuing in the State.
Implementation of the programme in the State leaves much to be desired.
The vaccination is not completed within 21 days as per guidelines. The State is
not even able to complete it in 45 days. Delay in completion of one round has a
cascading effect on subsequent rounds. Sera samples are not collected as per
guidelines. For example, in 6th round only 2846 sera samples were
collected as against the required number of 3200. Details of sera samples
collected during the 7th round have still not been reported in spite
of repeated communications to the State. It emerged in the review meeting of
FMD Control Programme organized by the PD FMD that the quality of samples
received from UP is very poor. A meeting
of all concerned officers was held in Lucknow in October 2007 when it was
assured by the Director (AH) to ensure compliance with the guidelines regarding
sample collection. However, there is no improvement in the situation. Few samples in respect of 7th
round tested by PD FMD also reveal poor antibody response in post vaccine
samples. It is reiterated that the State should monitor sample collection and
dispatch to the laboratory maintaining proper cold chain. Recently, an officer
from the Department visiting Ghaziabad and Bulandshehar Districts was informed
that the cold storage facility developed by the Department there is not working
and therefore, vaccine was kept at hired facilities. It is necessary to look into the matter and
facilities for cold chain should be properly maintained. It is also noted that
UP has not been sending the reports in the prescribed format, which hinders
proper monitoring.
Punjab - There
are 8 districts covered under the FMD CP and 8th round is under
implementation in the State. The pace of vaccination has been very slow from
the 5th phase onwards; 6th round was prolonged to almost
four and half months. Sero-monitoring
results of 6th phase showed that either samples have not been
collected properly or vaccination coverage is poor. The same needs to be
monitored carefully. The vaccination reports should be sent in prescribed
format. The demand for vaccine should
also be sent in prescribed format.
Tamil Nadu - There is only one district
covered in FMD CP and 8th round has been completed. Funds released
to the State Government for logistical purposes are not being utilized. For
example, an amount of Rs. 5 lakh was released during 2008-09. However, the same
have not been utilized by the State. The report containing the demand of
vaccine should be sent in prescribed format and in time.
Andhra Pradesh - There are four districts covered under the FMD CP and 8th
round has been completed. The
vaccination is carried out as per schedule.
There is slight delay in the time taken to complete vaccination in few
districts of the State e.g. Anantpur.
NCT of Delhi – It is considered as one
district where 8th round has been completed. The vaccination is
carried out as per schedule. Samples are, however, not collected as required.
The State should collected 200 samples each for pre and post vaccination; only
50% samples are collected. Overall immune response in the vaccinated animals is
very good. It has been informed by the
Hissar lab that 7th & 8th round samples have not been
sent to the lab for testing. The same needs to be sent immediately. An amount of Rs. 2 lakhs released in 2008-09
remains unutilized.
Kerala
- There are three districts covered
under the FMD CP and 8th round has been completed. The six-monthly vaccination schedule is being
followed from 6th round onwards. Earlier, it was carried out
annually along with ADCP programme of NDDB in other districts. Overall coverage
of vaccination ranges between 65-80%.
There is a need to increase the coverage of animals. As per the report
of PD FMD, 237 outbreaks were reported during 2007-08 in the state. A number of
them have been reported from the FMD CP districts. Even in 2008-09, FMD outbreaks have been
reported from these districts. These should be thoroughly investigated and
outcome communicated to the GOI. The
overall immune response seen from the samples tested so far reveals immune
response of about 50-60%, which is below the protective level. The reports from the State are not being
received in the prescribed format.
Lakshadweep (UT) - One district is covered under the FMD CP and 8th
round has been completed. Vaccine demand should be sent in prescribed
format. The samples are being collected
to the extent of 50% only. The same
should be collected as per the guidelines.
Andaman & Nicobar Island - There is only
one district covered under the FMD CP and 8th round has been
completed. The vaccination is being
carried out as per schedule. Reports
should be sent in prescribed format.
Proposed expansion
It is proposed to add 124 districts in the
States of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra,
Pondicherry, Goa, Daman & Diu, Andaman & Nicobar Island, Lakshadweep
& Chandigarh in a phased manner to the 54 districts already covered under
the programme. The States may indicate their preparedness for carrying out the
six monthly vaccination and existence of adequate
cold chain facilities in the concerned districts.
In October, 2008, The Army intimated occurrence of Equine Influenza in
the animals of its Northern Command. Further inquiries revealed that the
disease was reported in local horses/ponies in Katra region of J&K in June
2008. The occurrence of the EI in Delhi around the same time had also gone
unreported. The last reported outbreak of EI was in the year 1987-88. After
deliberations of experts, an advisory along with guidelines for control and
containment of Equine Influenza was issued to the States on 31.10.2008.
Suspected incidence of the disease in
Maharashtra during the month of September-October, 2008 was also gathered from
newspaper reports, which subsequent inquiries confirmed to be true. The State
had not, however, volunteered the information on its own. Thereafter,
Rajasthan, West Bengal, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat experienced the
outbreak of Equine Influenza. Rajasthan reported occurrence of the disease for
the second time in four districts (Jaipur, Jalore, Jodhpur and Pali) in March
2009. The outbreak has also been confirmed on 11.5.2009 in Rudraprayag District
of Uttranachal. It was observed that guidelines issued by the Department in
October 2008 were not available with the state.
The States have already been requested to
carry out physical surveillance to detect prevalence of the disease. Any
occurrence should be reported without any delay. The
outbreaks are required to be resolved so that necessary information is sent to
the OIE .
In the context of Bovine Spongiform
Encephalopathy (BSE), the countries are categorized as those with (i)
Negligible BSE risk, (ii) Controlled risk & (iii) Undetermined BSE risk.
Presently, India has been placed in the ‘Undetermined BSE Risk’ category. The
Department had submitted a dossier to the OIE in July, 2007 for attaining
‘Negligible Risk Status’. However, the data provided in the dossier fell woefully
short of the minimum 1,50,000 surveillance points required to qualify for the
‘Negligible Risk Status’.
2. The
Department has again initiated the process of preparing a dossier for
submission to the OIE for attaining the ‘Negligible BSE Risk’ Status. A review
conducted in this regard shows that while some of the states have collected the
assigned number of samples and dispatched them to respective RDDLs, others like
Jharkhand, Tripura, Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Delhi, Gujarat, Goa, Himachal
Pradesh, J & K, Uttar Pradesh, Lakshadweep, Dadra & Nagar Haveli have
not been able to meet their targets. It is a matter of concern that Uttar
Pradesh, which was given a target 40 samples, has not collected any sample,
stating that the State did not have any clinically suspect cases, which cannot
be the case. In this connection, it is mentioned that samples collected under
BSE surveillance should represent the distribution of cattle population
throughout the country. Therefore, non collection of samples by any state,
particularly a large state like UP, may represent a serious shortfall in
surveillance for the disease.
3 It
is also necessary that the states should have record of inspection of feed
manufactures in their jurrisdiction. The
details of feed manufacturers/ feed mills processing ruminant origin and
non-ruminant origin material for manufacturing of feed, date of inspections/
visit, any observations/ findings will be required to fulfill the requirement
of dossier. The States are also
requested to provide information regarding any standard procedure laid down or
adopted for disposal of fallen animals.
Implementation of `ASCAD’
Assistance is provided to States/Union Territories for control of economically important diseases of livestock and poultry by way of immunization, strengthening of existing State Veterinary Biological Production Units, strengthening of existing State Disease Diagnostic Laboratories, holding workshops/seminars and in-service training to Veterinarians and Para-veterinarians. The programme is being implemented on 75:25 sharing basis between the centre and the states; however, 100% assistance is provided for training and seminar/workshops. The following observations are made on the implementation of the scheme:
The scheme envisages approval of ‘Action Plan’ prepared by the States/UTs as per guidelines for carrying out various activities. The said Action Plan for a financial year is required to be submitted by 31st March of the previous financial year. However, despite repeated requests, Action Plan is not being received in time from some of the states. For example, the Action Plan for 2009-10 from Assam, West Bengal, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, NCT Delhi, Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu are yet to be received.
In spite of the fact that the scheme provides for cent percent Central assistance for training of Veterinarians and Para-veterinarians and holding of workshops/seminars, some of the States such as Chattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Arunachal Pradesh have not been implementing the component. Some other states like Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Tamilnadu and Uttar Pradesh failed to achieve the planned target.
The guidelines of the scheme envisage control/eradication of one identifiable disease in the state. The disease to be controlled / eradicated is also identified by the concerned state. It is, however, observed that vaccination programme taken up by the State does not cover the entire susceptible population. As a result, the identified disease is not being controlled or eradicated. Illustrative information in this regard is annexed. Efforts need to be made in a focused manner to cover the susceptible population for the identified disease so as to achieve the desired objective.
Even though provision of funds is being made for the upgradation of Disease Investigation Labs, some states like Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura, Uttarakhand and West Bengal have not so far completed the upgradation of their labs.
The scheme provides for funds for animal disease surveillance, monitoring and forecasting as per which the States are required to collect disease incidence information and publish the same in the form of a Monthly Animal Disease Surveillance Bulletin. However, states like Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Kerala and Madhya Pradesh have not been sending the said bulletin since January, 2009.
Vaccination against identifiable disease (PPR) during 2008-09
(in lakh)
StateIdentifiable diseasesSusceptible populationNo of animal proposed by StateVaccination done% coverage against susceptible population
Andhra Pr.PPR276.5380.0092.1033.01 %
KarnatakaPPR117.4080.0027.9323.79 %
OrissaPPR74.2335.0030.0040.41 %
TamilnaduPPR137.7060.0052.8238.36 %
Uttar Pr.PPR143.7860.0016.0011.13 %
UttarakhandPPR14.548.004.0027.51 %
West BengalPPR202.9950.0030.2914.92 %
Vaccination against identifiable disease (HS) during 2008-09
(in lakh)
StateIdentifiable diseasesSusceptible populationNo of animal proposed by StateVaccination done% coverage against susceptible population
Himachal Pr.HS30.108.507.6425.38 %
RajasthanHS212.6838.0041.5619.54
Vaccination against identifiable disease (SF) during 2008-09
(in lakh)
StateIdentifiable diseasesSusceptible populationNo of animal proposed by StateVaccination done% coverage against susceptible population
JharkhandSF11.080.500.050.45 %
MeghalayaSF4.192.500.4711.22%
MizoramSF6.00 *6.005.8096.66 %
NagalandSF6.446.005.2080.75%
SikkimSF0.380.300.1539.47 %
TripuraSF2.102.100.3516.67 %
* As informed by Director (AH), Mizoram
Agenda Point NO. 3 : Proposed new scheme
National Control Programme on Peste Des
Petits Ruminants.
It is proposing to implement a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme, namely, ‘National Control Programme on Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR)’ in a phased manner during last three years of 11th Plan period at an estimated cost of Rs. 61.19 crores(approx) . The programme is proposed to be taken up in three phases. The States of Gujarat, MP, Chhatisgarh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, HP, J&K, Delhi and Chandigarh will constitute Phase I. As per provisional figures of Livestock Census 2007, the total sheep & goat population in these States/ UTs is about 54.8 million. During 2009-10, it is proposed to vaccinate about 54 million sheep & goat simultaneously in all the aforementioned States. During 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 follower animals (approximately 30%) will be covered. A provision for strengthening NPRE ELISA laboratories and six PPR vaccine production units through grants-in-aid to the concerned States has also been made.
Establishment
and Strengthening Veterinary Hospitals and Dispensaries.
It is proposed to initiate a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme for the establishment and strengthening of veterinary hospitals & dispensaries during last three years of the 11th Plan at an outlay of Rs.144.53 crores with cent percent Central assistance. The scheme is yet to receive requisite approvals. The scheme envisages providing assistance for establishment of 80 new hospitals and 200 new dispensaries. Strengthening of 550 hospitals and 900 dispensaries is also envisaged during remaining period of 11th Plan.
2. It is proposed to provide Central assistance of Rs.14.90 lakh and Rs.11.60 lakh for establishment of each new veterinary hospitals & dispensaries (including equipments) respectively. Similarly, for strengthening of each existing veterinary hospital & dispensary, Central assistance to the tune of Rs.10.00 lakh and Rs.6.00 respectively is envisaged.
National Animal Disease Reporting
System.
The Department proposes to initiate a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme titled ‘National Animal Disease Reporting System, in short NADRS, in the remaining three years of the 11th Five Year Plan involving an investment of Rs. 104.05 crores. The scheme will be implemented with cent percent Central assistance.
The need for the scheme has arisen from the fact that presently the disease reporting is neither timely nor complete. The compilation of information at national level relies on postal means of communication, which takes considerable time. On occasions, such communications are also lost in transit. Hence, the compiled information does not represent true picture of the disease situation in the country at any give point of time.
The proposed schemes envisages introducing computerized system of animal disease reporting, linking each taluka, block, district and State headquarters to a Central Disease Reporting and Monitoring Unit at this Department in New Delhi. The proposed reporting system will enable the block, district and state animal health officers to report the disease information and reports via internet. The system will be so designed as to assure secure data transfer and confidentiality of information. At the apex level, NADRS, will compile and generate animal disease information for the country as a whole. The users will have access to the information as per permissions in consonance with their role and responsibilities envisaged under the system. The computerized system will enable fuller and timely reporting of the animal disease situation in the country, enabling its effective management.
The Department is taking further action to secure necessary approvals in order to implement the scheme from the current financial year.
Vaccination
against identifiable disease (PPR) during 2008-09
(in lakh)
|
State |
Identifiable diseases |
Susceptible population |
No of animal proposed by State |
Vaccination done |
% coverage against susceptible population |
|
Andhra Pr. |
PPR |
276.53 |
80.00 |
92.10 |
33.01 % |
|
Karnataka |
PPR |
117.40 |
80.00 |
27.93 |
23.79 % |
|
Orissa |
PPR |
74.23 |
35.00 |
30.00 |
40.41 % |
|
Tamilnadu |
PPR |
137.70 |
60.00 |
52.82 |
38.36 % |
|
Uttar Pr. |
PPR |
143.78 |
60.00 |
16.00 |
11.13 % |
|
Uttarakhand |
PPR |
14.54 |
8.00 |
4.00 |
27.51 % |
|
West Bengal |
PPR |
202.99 |
50.00 |
30.29 |
14.92 % |
Vaccination
against identifiable disease (HS) during 2008-09
(in lakh)
|
State |
Identifiable diseases |
Susceptible population |
No of animal proposed by State |
Vaccination done |
% coverage against susceptible population |
|
Himachal Pr. |
HS |
30.10 |
8.50 |
7.64 |
25.38 % |
|
Rajasthan |
HS |
212.68 |
38.00 |
41.56 |
19.54 |
Vaccination
against identifiable disease (SF) during 2008-09
(in lakh)
|
State |
Identifiable diseases |
Susceptible population |
No of animal proposed by State |
Vaccination done |
% coverage against susceptible population |
|
SF |
11.08 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
0.45 % |
|
|
Meghalaya |
SF |
4.19 |
2.50 |
0.47 |
11.22% |
|
Mizoram |
SF |
6.00 * |
6.00 |
5.80 |
96.66 % |
|
Nagaland |
SF |
6.44 |
6.00 |
5.20 |
80.75% |
|
Sikkim |
SF |
0.38 |
0.30 |
0.15 |
39.47 % |
|
Tripura |
SF |
2.10 |
2.10 |
0.35 |
16.67 % |
* As informed by Director (AH), Mizoram
The Govt. of India notified in August 2006 ‘Special
Package for Livestock and Fisheries Sectors for 31 Suicide-prone Districts’ in
the States of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Kerala involving an
investment of Rs.698 crores comprising of a budgetary support of Rs.510.79
crore and credit component of Rs.187.21 crore, to be implemented over a period
of three years from 2006-07. The period for implementation of the non-credit
component of the Package has been extended up to 30.09.2011.
2.
On the basis of operational experience, the beneficiary States proposed certain
modifications to the Special Package, which were approved and notified in
August 2007.
3.
The concerned States requested for further modifications to the Special Package
to meet local needs & circumstances. These were considered and approved by
an Empowered Committee in October 2008. In another meeting of the Empowered
Committee held in December 2008, sheep farming was included as component in
addition to poultry, piggery and goatery.
4.
The Govt. of India also approved in August 2008 and December 2008
Rehabilitation Packages for ‘Development of Kuttanad Wetland Eco-system’ and
‘Mitigation of Agrarian Distress in Idukki District’ in the State of Kerala as
part of the Rehabilitation Package for the farmers in suicide prone districts
of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra. The total outlay for the
Kuttanad Package is of Rs. 9.50 crore and for that of Idukki is Rs. 91.15
crore.
6.
The Government of Kerala submitted to this Department 17 proposals under the
Kuttanad package and nine proposals under the Idukki package for release of
financial assistance. These proposals were examined and found not to be in
conformity with the ongoing schemes of the Department. In order to consider
these proposals, a meeting of the Empowered Committee was held on 22.05.2009.
No representative from the State, though invited, attended the meeting.
The Empowered Committee decided that the State Government should indicate in
respect of each proposal where it deviated from the existing scheme of the
Department so that the same may be considered for approval.
6.
A sum of Rs.355.10 crore (69.52% of the outlay) has been drawn by the
beneficiary States of the Special Package till date, including Rs.24 lakh
released during the current financial year 2009-10. Out of this,
Rs.236.77 crore has been utilized as per the Monthly Progress Report (MPR)
submitted by the States. Utilization Certificates to the extent of Rs.174.22
crore only have been received till date. The present position of physical
and financial progress of the scheme may be seen in Annexure-II.
7.
Andhra Pradesh has drawn Rs.196.65 crore against the total provision of
Rs.248.96 crore till 2008-09, out of which Rs.143.02 crore has been utilized
(72.7%). The State has inducted 36,502 milch animals against the target of
48,000, which is 76.04% of the target. In case of calf rearing, 7,389
calves have been enrolled against the target of 24,000, which is 30.8% of the
target. Though targets for the establishment of milk chilling units and
feed mixing plants have been achieved, there is shortfall in achievement in the
remaining components.
8.
Maharashtra has shown more than cent percent achievement in the case of
induction of milch animals and calf rearing. This aspect had earlier been
discussed in a meeting taken by the Secretary (ADF) on 11.12.2008 when the
State was advised not to club the physical achievements of parallel scheme with
the Special Package. Necessary correction has apparently not been
made. The State has drawn the total sum of Rs.53.92 crore provided till
2008-09. Out of this, an amount of Rs.50.95 crore has been utilized, which
works out to 94.5% of the funds drawn.
9.
Physical progress of Karnataka continues to be poor. Only 5,081 milch
animals have been inducted against the target of 18,000; 1,298 calves have been
enrolled against the target of 9,000 calves and no fodder block making unit has
been established. Similarly, physical progress in other components is below
par. Against a provision of Rs.93.36 crore, a sum of only Rs.59.04 crore
has been drawn by the State till 2008-09. Out of this, an amount of only
Rs.21.82 crore has been utilized, which is 37% of the availed of .
10.
Kerala has achieved the target of calf rearing component by enrolling 4,500
calves but inducted only 5,980 milch animals against the target of 9,000 milch
animals. Physical progress under the remaining components needs to be
accelerated. In terms of financial progress, Government of Kerala has drawn
Rs.45.25 crore against a provision of Rs.46.69 crore till 2008-09. Out of this,
an amount of Rs.34.42 crore has been utilized, which is 76.1% of the funds
drawn.
11. During 2009-10, an allocation of Rs.75 crore has been made for this scheme. This includes a provision of Rs.10 crore for ‘Development of Kuttanad Wetland Eco-system’ and ‘Mitigation of Agrarian Distress in Idukki District’ in Kerala. Administrative Approval for implementation of the scheme in the current financial year has already been issued on 18.05.2009. However, so far only Rs.24 lakh (Rs.6 lakh by Andhra Pradesh and Rs.18 lakh by Kerala) has so far been drawn.
Agenda Point No. 5 :
Strengthening Infrastructure for Quality and Clean Milk Production
1.
Assam:
(Rs in
lakh)
|
S no. |
Implementing Agency |
Project period |
District covered |
Total Approved Cost |
Total Central Share |
Released As on 08.06.09 |
Unspent Balance |
|
(i) |
Sitajakhala Cooperative Milk Union |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Morigaon |
26.38 |
21.06 |
16.540 |
8.520 |
|
(ii) |
Directorate of Dairy Development |
2006-07 to 2008-09 |
Darrang and Udalguri |
116.94 |
97.63 |
20.000 |
20.000 |
|
|
State
total |
|
|
143.32 |
118.69 |
36.540 |
28.52 |
Talking Points:
v Progress of project
implementation is very slow.
v Approved project period
expired.
v TMC meeting are not held
regularly.
v There is unspent balance of Rs 28.52 lakh
v No new proposals are in
pipeline.
2.
Andhra Pradesh:
(Rs in lakh)
|
S no. |
Implementing Agency |
Project period |
District covered |
Total Approved Cost |
Total Central Share |
Released As on 08.06.09 |
Unspent Balance |
|
(i) |
A.P.Dairy
Dev. Coop Fed Ltd |
2004-05 to 2005-06 |
Medak
& Nizamabad |
186.00 |
163.88 |
109.370 |
16.380 |
|
(ii) |
A.P.Dairy
Dev. Coop Fed Ltd |
2005-06 to 2006-07 |
Ananthapur |
153.00 |
135.13 |
135.130 |
0.000 |
|
(iii) |
A.P.Dairy
Dev. Coop Fed Ltd |
2006-07 to 2008-09 |
Kadapa |
116.25 |
93.75 |
68.750 |
50.000 |
|
(iV) |
Prakasham
Dist Coop Milk
Union |
2006-07
to 2008-09 |
Prakasham |
193.75 |
160.00 |
25.000 |
25.000 |
|
|
State
total |
|
|
649.00 |
552.76 |
338.250 |
91.38 |
Talking Points:
v Progress of project
implementation is very slow.
v Approved project period
expired.
v Govt of Andhra Pradesh was
directed to with draw the project approved for Prakasham due to implementing
difficulty by Federation.
v TMC meeting are not held
regularly.
v There is unspent balance of Rs 91.38 lakh
Proposals in pipeline:
(Rs in lakh)
|
S no. |
Implementing
Agency |
District
covered |
Total proposed cost |
First year requirement |
Status |
|
i |
Karimnagar
Milk union |
Karimnagar |
576.5 |
282.7 |
To be considered based on
the progress of approved project. |
|
ii |
APDDCF |
Warangal |
499.35 |
126.4 |
|
|
iii |
APDDCF |
Chittor |
497.813 |
99.563 |
|
|
|
|
|
1573.663 |
508.663 |
|
3.
Bihar:
(Rs in lakh)
|
S no. |
Implementing Agency |
Project period |
District covered |
Total Approved Cost |
Total Central Share |
Released As on 08.06.09 |
Unspent Balance |
|
(i) |
Tirhut
Milk Union, Muzzafarpur |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Muzaffarpur |
165.43 |
136.90 |
110.970 |
60.970 |
|
(ii) |
Sahabad
Dugdh Utpadak Sah.Sangh Ltd, Arrah |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Bhojpur |
105.53 |
83.68 |
51.210 |
35.760 |
|
(iii) |
Vaishal
Patliputra Milk Union |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Patna
& Vaishali |
118.02 |
96.17 |
58.700 |
40.280 |
|
(iv) |
Mithila
Milk Union |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Samastipur |
56.70 |
45.78 |
28.170 |
17.630 |
|
|
State
total |
|
|
445.68 |
362.53 |
249.050 |
154.64 |
Talking Points:
v Progress of project
implementation is very slow.
v Approved project period
expired.
v TMC meeting are not held
regularly.
v There is unspent balance
of Rs
154.64 lakh
Proposals in pipeline:
(Rs in lakh)
|
S no. |
Implementing
Agency |
District
covered |
Total proposed cost |
First year requirement |
Status |
|
i |
Desh
Ratna Milk Union, Barauni |
Begusarai
and Khagaria |
302.88 |
46.7 |
To be considered based on
the progress of approved project |
4.
Haryana
(Rs in lakh)
|
S no. |
Implementing Agency |
Project period |
District covered |
Total Approved Cost |
Total Central Share |
Released As on 08.06.09 |
Unspent Balance |
|
(i) |
Sirsa
Milk Union |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Sirsa |
220.89 |
175.33 |
175.330 |
4.750 |
|
(ii) |
Hissar-Jind
Milk Union |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Hissar,
Jind and Fatahabad |
201.77 |
168.02 |
168.020 |
0.000 |
|
(iii) |
Rohtak
Milk Union |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Rohtak,
Sonipat, Jhajjar, Bhiwani |
205.08 |
171.33 |
171.330 |
0.000 |
|
(iv) |
Ballabhgarh
Milk Union |
2004-05 to 2006-07 |
Faridabad
& Gurgaon |
164.74 |
135.49 |
115.000 |
0.000 |
|
(v) |
Ambala
Milk Union |
2005-06 to 2006-07 |
Ambala
& Yamunanagar |
101.96 |
83.70 |
83.700 |
1.050 |
|
(vi) |
Kurukshetra-Karnal
Milk Union |
2005-06 to 2007-08 |
Kurukshetra,
Kaithal |
91.20 |
79.70 |
79.700 |
0.000 |